RS(5,2) is the baseline, not the rule. Two things move it, and both are decided once per upload, before anything is written:

The pool. When geo policy, sensitivity and routing leave a provider pool that could not survive losing a vendor at the baseline, the parity widens. The data-shard count never changes, and durability never decreases — adaptation only ever widens.

The file. Small files trade cheap bytes for survivability and large files trade a slice of durability for efficiency: RS(4,4) under 1 MB, RS(5,3) to 100 MB, RS(8,3) to 1 GB, RS(12,4) above it.

Both carry hard overhead ceilings. When no admissible coding survives the pool, the baseline stands and the upload falls back to a wider pool rather than quietly accepting weaker protection. See adaptive erasure coding.

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